Body Organization, Transport & Movement — Chapter quiz · Life Science & Scientific Inquiry, Grade 7

Five focused units, a three-session investigation, chapter review, and chapter quiz.

Problem 1

Why can cells with similar genetic information have different roles?
Answer and explanation

They use that information differently and develop specialized structures and activities suited to different functions.

Problem 2

A diagram includes the heart but no vessels. What important relationship is missing?
Answer and explanation

The transport network connecting the heart with tissues is missing. Pumping must be connected to pathways and exchanges to explain delivery and return.

Response criteria

  • Explain the relevant biological process accurately.
  • Use the supplied evidence and show calculation steps with units where needed.
  • Connect a labeled model or mechanism with the claim.
  • State an assumption, evidence limitation, or useful next observation.

Problem 3

How does more exchange area help the absorption model?
Answer and explanation

It provides more surface across which materials can move under suitable conditions, rather than making food molecules appear from nothing.

Problem 4

A diagram says food energy is created in the stomach. Correct it.
Answer and explanation

Food already contains chemical energy. Digestion processes molecules and absorption makes products available; cellular processes transfer energy into usable forms rather than create it.

Response criteria

  • Explain the relevant biological process accurately.
  • Use the supplied evidence and show calculation steps with units where needed.
  • Connect a labeled model or mechanism with the claim.
  • State an assumption, evidence limitation, or useful next observation.

Problem 5

Why is “every artery carries oxygen-rich blood” inaccurate?
Answer and explanation

Arteries are defined by direction from the heart; the lung-circuit artery carries blood toward gas exchange before it becomes oxygen-rich.

Problem 6

A vessel carries blood from the heart toward the lungs. Is it an artery or vein under the directional definition?
Answer and explanation

It is an artery because it carries blood away from the heart, regardless of its oxygen content before lung exchange.

Response criteria

  • Explain the relevant biological process accurately.
  • Use the supplied evidence and show calculation steps with units where needed.
  • Connect a labeled model or mechanism with the claim.
  • State an assumption, evidence limitation, or useful next observation.

Problem 7

Can a paper lever determine someone’s safe lifting limit?
Answer and explanation

No. It omits biological and individual factors and is only a selected relationship model.

Problem 8

A diagram says one muscle contracts to bend and then pushes to straighten a joint. What needs correction?
Answer and explanation

Skeletal muscle contraction produces a pull. Opposing muscle action or another force can restore the movement; relaxation is not an active push along the same attachment.

Response criteria

  • Explain the relevant biological process accurately.
  • Use the supplied evidence and show calculation steps with units where needed.
  • Connect a labeled model or mechanism with the claim.
  • State an assumption, evidence limitation, or useful next observation.

Problem 9

Why must a model’s interval be stated?
Answer and explanation

Input and output amounts are comparable only when they refer to the same period and boundary.

Problem 10

A draft calls kidney processing a digestive absorption step. Correct the system relationship.
Answer and explanation

Kidneys process materials from blood and regulate excretion and balance. Digestive absorption moves food-related materials across the intestinal lining; circulation connects the systems but the steps differ.

Response criteria

  • Explain the relevant biological process accurately.
  • Use the supplied evidence and show calculation steps with units where needed.
  • Connect a labeled model or mechanism with the claim.
  • State an assumption, evidence limitation, or useful next observation.

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