What to teach in Pennsylvania

Which courses here cover the required subjects, which subjects they do not, and roughly how many hours they account for.

The legal requirements in full → Verified 12 October 2026

What Pennsylvania specifies

Subjects
Yes — 3 groups of required subjects
Hours or days
180 days, or 900 hours (elementary) / 990 hours (secondary) per year.
Assessment
Required — see below

The subjects Pennsylvania requires

  • Elementary (K-6): English (spelling, reading, writing), arithmetic, science, geography, history of the U.S. and Pennsylvania, civics, safety education (including fire prevention), health and physiology, physical education, music, art
  • Secondary (7-12): English (language, literature, speech, composition), science, geography, social studies (civics, world history, U.S. and Pennsylvania history), mathematics (general math, algebra, geometry), art, music, physical education, health, safety education (including fire prevention); economics, biology, chemistry, foreign languages and trigonometry are optional
  • Instruction in English

Quoted from the statute or regulation cited on the law page. Requirements for Grades K–5 are listed where the state sets them, but this site teaches Grades 6–12, so only those are matched below.

Courses that cover them

Pennsylvania's list touches all four subjects taught here. Each course below is a full year.

Mathematics

GradeCourse
Grade 6Grade 6 Math
Grade 7Grade 7 Math
Grade 8Grade 8 Math
Grade 9Algebra I
Grade 10Geometry
Grade 11Algebra II
Grade 12Precalculus

English

GradeCourse
Grade 6English 6
Grade 7English 7: Reading, Evidence & Expression
Grade 8English 8: Trust, Community & Responsibility
Grade 9English 9: Experience, Perspective & Inquiry
Grade 10English 10: Choices, Conscience & Consequences
Grade 11English 11: American Voices, Identity & Public Memory
Grade 12English 12: Complex Texts, Independent Inquiry & Public Voice

Science

GradeCourse
Grade 6Science 6: Matter, Energy & Earth Systems
Grade 7Life Science & Scientific Inquiry
Grade 8Physical Science: Matter, Forces & Energy
Grade 9Earth & Space Science
Grade 10Life Science: Biology
Grade 11Physical Science: Chemistry
Grade 12Physics & Environmental Science

Social studies

GradeCourse
Grade 6Ancient Civilizations
Grade 7U.S. & New York History: Indigenous Nations to Reconstruction
Grade 8U.S. History: Reconstruction to the Early 21st Century
Grade 9Global History & Geography I: Early Societies to c. 1750
Grade 10Global History & Geography II: c. 1750 to the Early 21st Century
Grade 11United States History & Government: Colonial Foundations to the Early 21st Century
Grade 12Government, Civic Participation & Economics

Each is planned as a 36-week year of about 180 sessions, five a week — the year 20 of the 21 course guides set out explicitly. How long a session runs is yours to set.

Does this meet the hours?

180 days, or 900 hours (elementary) / 990 hours (secondary) per year.

Each course here plans a 36-week year of about 180 sessions, five a week — the year 20 of the 21 course guides set out explicitly. The length of a session is left to you, because a Grade 6 session and a Grade 12 one are not the same thing.

At 45 minutes a session — an assumption, not a rule — that is about 135 hours a course, so four courses come to roughly 540 hours. Against Pennsylvania's 990 hours that leaves about 450 hours to account for: independent reading, the subjects below that this site does not teach, projects and field trips. Longer sessions close the gap quickly — at 60 minutes the same four courses come to 720 hours. Work it with your own session length rather than ours.

The four high school years

Pennsylvania reviews the work each year, so the high school record matters twice: once for the annual assessment and again for whoever reads the transcript afterwards. A full sequence of these courses looks like this.

GradeMathematicsEnglishScienceSocial studies
Grade 9Algebra IEnglish 9Earth & Space ScienceGlobal History & Geography I
Grade 10GeometryEnglish 10Life ScienceGlobal History & Geography II
Grade 11Algebra IIEnglish 11Physical ScienceUnited States History & Government
Grade 12PrecalculusEnglish 12Physics & Environmental ScienceGovernment, Civic Participation & Economics

Four subjects across four years is 16 full-year courses. Credits, grades and the diploma itself are Pennsylvania's business, not this site's — what Pennsylvania says about diplomas and transcripts.

What this site does not teach

Pennsylvania requires 5 subjects that these courses do not cover: health, physical education, art, music, a world language. Saying so plainly is more use than a page implying full coverage. Families commonly meet these through sport clubs, instrument or art lessons, a language app or tutor, and documented family activity — all of which count where the state asks for a log rather than a transcript.

Evidence for the annual review

Pennsylvania asks for testing or evaluation, so the year has to leave a paper trail. These courses produce four things that serve as evidence, without any extra work:

  • Printable lessons. Every lesson has a print view holding the full teaching text, worked examples and practice — dated pages for a portfolio.
  • Exams with answer keys and marking criteria. Each course has a midterm, a final and a sample exam, each question carrying response criteria an evaluator can read.
  • A 36-week pacing table. The parent guide for each course lists the week-by-week assignments, which is the planning document most evaluators ask to see.
  • Exit tickets and checkpoints. Short written responses through each lesson, showing work over time rather than one test score.

(1) Standardized tests in grades 3, 5 and 8: PSSA (the district must allow it on request) or a PDE-approved nationally normed test (e.g. CAT, CTP, Iowa, MAP, Stanford, TerraNova, Woodcock-Johnson, WIAT) in reading/language arts and math; results go in the portfolio, not to the district; no opt-out. (2) Annual evaluation in every grade: a qualified evaluator interviews the child and reviews the portfolio and certifies whether an appropriate education is occurring. Evaluators: licensed clinical or school psychologist; PA-certified teacher with 2 years' grading experience at the level evaluated (K-6 and/or 7-12); nonpublic teacher/administrator with 2 years' PA teaching experience in the past 10 years at that level; or someone the superintendent pre-approves. Not the supervisor or spouse. A superintendent with a documented reasonable belief that education is inadequate can require an evaluation mid-year; noncompliance can lead to a hearing and loss of homeschooling for up to 12 months (appealable, with stay-put during appeal).

Deadline: Evaluator's certification due to the superintendent by June 30 each year